This specification describes an Ed25519 Signature Suite created in 2020 for the Linked Data Proof specification. The Signature Suite utilizes Ed25519 EdDSA signatures and multibase.
This is an experimental specification and is undergoing regular revisions. It is not fit for production deployment.
This specification defines a cryptographic suite for the purpose of creating, verifying proofs for Ed25519 EdDSA signatures in conformance with the Linked Data Proofs [[LD-PROOFS]] specification.
In general the suites uses the RDF Dataset Normalization Algorithm [[RDF-DATASET-NORMALIZATION]] to transform an input document into its canonical form. The cannonical representation is then hashed and signed with a detached signature algorithm.
The following terms are used to describe concepts involved in the generation and verification of the Linked Data Proof signature suite.
type
of the verification method for the signature
suite Ed25519Signature2020.
type
of the linked data proof for the signature suite
Ed25519Signature2020.
The Ed25519 signature suite 2020 MUST be used in conjunction with the signing and verification algorithms in the Linked Data Proofs [[LD-PROOFS]] specification. The suite consists of the following algorithms:
Parameter | Value | Specification |
---|---|---|
canonicalization algorithm | https://w3id.org/security#URDNA2015 | [[RDF-DATASET-NORMALIZATION]] |
message digest algorithm | SHA-256 | [[RFC4634]] |
signature algorithm | Edwards-Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (EdDSA) | [[RFC8032]] |
The cryptographic material used to verify a linked data proof is called the verification method.
This suite relies on public key material represented using [[MULTIBASE]].
This suite supports public key use for both digital signature verification, according to [[RFC8032]].
This suite MAY be used to verify linked data proofs produced by key
material in any representation that can be converted to
publicKeyMultibase
>, however it is RECOMMENDED that this
suite be used with verification method's of type
Ed25519VerificationKey2020.
The id
of the verification method SHOULD be the JWK
thumbprint calculated from the
publicKeyMultibase
property value according to
[[MULTIBASE]].
The type
of the verification method SHOULD be
Ed25519VerificationKey2020.
The controller
of the verification method SHOULD be a
URI.
The publicKeyMultibase
property of the verification
method SHOULD be a public key formatted according to [[MULTIBASE]].
Be careful not to accidentally publish a representation of a private key.
{ "id": "https://example.com/issuer/123#key-0", "type": "Ed25519VerificationKey2020", "controller": "https://example.com/issuer/123", "publicKeyMultibase": "zgo4sNiXwJTbeJDWZLXVn9uTnRwgFHFxcgDePvEC9TiTYgRpG7q1p5s7yRAic" }
{ "@context": [ "https://www.w3.org/ns/did/v1", { "@base": "did:example:123" } ], "id": "did:example:123", "publicKey": [ { "id": "#key-0", "type": "Ed25519VerificationKey2020", "controller": "did:example:123", "publicKeyMultibase": "zgo4sNiXwJTbeJDWZLXVn9uTnRwgFHFxcgDePvEC9TiTYgRpG7q1p5s7yRAic" } ], "authentication": [ "#key-0" ], "assertionMethod": [ "#key-0" ], "capabilityDelegation": [ "#key-0" ], "capabilityInvocation": [ "#key-0" ] }
The cryptographic material used to represent a linked data proof is called the proof type.
This suite relies on detached digital signatures represented using [[MULTIBASE]].
The verificationMethod
property of the proof SHOULD be
a URI. Dereferencing the verificationMethod
SHOULD
result in an object of type
Ed25519VerificationKey2020.
The type
property of the proof MUST be
Ed25519Signature2020.
The created
property of the proof MUST be an
[[ISO_8601]] formated date string.
The proofPurpose
property of the proof MUST be a
string, and SHOULD match the verification relationship expressed by
the verification method controller
.
The proofValue
property of the proof MUST be a detached
EdDSA produced according to [[RFC8032]], encoded according to
[[MULTIBASE]].
The following test vectors are provided to assist with implementers.
{ "seed_0": "9b937b81322d816cfab9d5a3baacc9b2a5febe4b149f126b3630f93a29527017" }
{ "keypair_0": { "id": "https://example.com/issuer/123#key-0", "type": "Ed25519VerificationKey2018", "controller": "https://example.com/issuer/123", "publicKeyBase58": "dbDmZLTWuEYYZNHFLKLoRkEX4sZykkSLNQLXvMUyMB1", "privateKeyBase58": "47QbyJEDqmHTzsdg8xzqXD8gqKuLufYRrKWTmB7eAaWHG2EAsQ2GUyqRqWWYT15dGuag52Sf3j4hs2mu7w52mgps" }, "keypair_1": { "id": "https://example.com/issuer/123#key-0", "type": "Ed25519KeyPair2020", "controller": "https://example.com/issuer/123", "publicKeyMultibase": "zgo4sNiXwJTbeJDWZLXVn9uTnRwgFHFxcgDePvEC9TiTYgRpG7q1p5s7yRAic", "privateKeyMultibase": "z5LgFTdoZ3hjXbijBYC8qBEEZ1oibq1AKVeSeuw84zgYzUNY2rXKT8xLU41XpMN124wVr26axAPBPiNnR9dvyY7KA9QCmTrxT6yCCJxfS6U5iEBhzfbWqPSazGJ" } }
{ "issuer_0": { "@context": [ "https://www.w3.org/ns/did/v1", "https://example.com/credentials/latest", { "@base": "https://example.com/issuer/123" } ], "id": "https://example.com/issuer/123", "publicKey": [ { "id": "#key-0", "type": "Ed25519VerificationKey2020", "controller": "https://example.com/issuer/123", "publicKeyMultibase": "zgo4sNiXwJTbeJDWZLXVn9uTnRwgFHFxcgDePvEC9TiTYgRpG7q1p5s7yRAic" } ], "assertionMethod": ["#key-0"], "authentication": ["#key-0"] } }
{ "vc_template_0": { "@context": [ "https://www.w3.org/2018/credentials/v1", "https://www.w3.org/2018/credentials/examples/v1", "https://example.com/credentials/latest" ], "id": "http://example.gov/credentials/3732", "type": ["VerifiableCredential", "UniversityDegreeCredential"], "issuer": "https://example.com/issuer/123", "issuanceDate": "2020-03-10T04:24:12.164Z", "credentialSubject": { "id": "did:example:456", "degree": { "type": "BachelorDegree", "name": "Bachelor of Science and Arts" } } }, "vc_0": { "@context": [ "https://www.w3.org/2018/credentials/v1", "https://www.w3.org/2018/credentials/examples/v1", "https://example.com/credentials/latest" ], "id": "http://example.gov/credentials/3732", "type": ["VerifiableCredential", "UniversityDegreeCredential"], "issuer": "https://example.com/issuer/123", "issuanceDate": "2020-03-10T04:24:12.164Z", "credentialSubject": { "id": "did:example:456", "degree": { "type": "BachelorDegree", "name": "Bachelor of Science and Arts" } }, "proof": { "type": "Ed25519Signature2020", "created": "2019-12-11T03:50:55Z", "proofValue": "z5LgmVhjjPTEzGL31k2eEde8bdr4MAzxQv87AmdHt5Usd1uGK1Ae88NoZ5jgTLKS6sJCZnQNthR3qAbyRMxvkqSkss2WtyKLa9rqhJmR6YEBkiuUtxawhrscWXm", "proofPurpose": "assertionMethod", "verificationMethod": "https://example.com/issuer/123#key-0" } }, "vp_0": { "@context": [ "https://www.w3.org/2018/credentials/v1", "https://example.com/credentials/latest" ], "type": ["VerifiablePresentation"], "verifiableCredential": [ { "@context": [ "https://www.w3.org/2018/credentials/v1", "https://www.w3.org/2018/credentials/examples/v1", "https://example.com/credentials/latest" ], "id": "http://example.gov/credentials/3732", "type": ["VerifiableCredential", "UniversityDegreeCredential"], "issuer": "https://example.com/issuer/123", "issuanceDate": "2020-03-10T04:24:12.164Z", "credentialSubject": { "id": "did:example:456", "degree": { "type": "BachelorDegree", "name": "Bachelor of Science and Arts" } }, "proof": { "type": "Ed25519Signature2020", "created": "2019-12-11T03:50:55Z", "proofValue": "z5LgmVhjjPTEzGL31k2eEde8bdr4MAzxQv87AmdHt5Usd1uGK1Ae88NoZ5jgTLKS6sJCZnQNthR3qAbyRMxvkqSkss2WtyKLa9rqhJmR6YEBkiuUtxawhrscWXm", "proofPurpose": "assertionMethod", "verificationMethod": "https://example.com/issuer/123#key-0" } } ], "id": "ebc6f1c2", "holder": "did:ex:12345", "proof": { "type": "Ed25519Signature2020", "created": "2019-12-11T03:50:55Z", "verificationMethod": "https://example.com/issuer/123#key-0", "proofPurpose": "authentication", "challenge": "123", "proofValue": "z5LgJQhEvrLoNqXSbBzFR6mqmBnUefxX6dBjn2A4FYmmtB3EcWC41RmvHARgHwZyuMkR9xMbMCY7Ch4iRr9R8o1JffWY63FRfX3em8f3avb1CU6FaxiMjZdNegc" } } }
A conforming document is any concrete expression of the data model that complies with the normative statements in this specification. Specifically, all relevant normative statements in Sections and of this document MUST be enforced.
A conforming processor is any algorithm realized as software and/or hardware that generates or consumes a conforming document. Conforming processors MUST produce errors when non-conforming documents are consumed.
This document also contains examples that contain JSON and JSON-LD
content. Some of these examples contain characters that are invalid
JSON, such as inline comments (//
) and the use of ellipsis
(...
) to denote information that adds little value to the
example. Implementers are cautioned to remove this content if they
desire to use the information as valid JSON or JSON-LD.
The following section describes security considerations that developers implementing this specification should be aware of in order to create secure software.
This specification relies on URDNA2015, please review [[RDF-DATASET-NORMALIZATION]].
This specification relies on [[MULTIBASE]] and [[RFC8032]].